IL Classe String Java confrontaTo() Il metodo confronta lessicograficamente la stringa data con la stringa corrente. Restituisce un numero positivo, un numero negativo o 0.
Confronta le stringhe sulla base del valore Unicode di ciascun carattere nelle stringhe.
Se la prima stringa è lessicograficamente maggiore della seconda stringa, restituisce un numero positivo (differenza del valore del carattere). Se la prima stringa è lessicograficamente inferiore alla seconda stringa, restituisce un numero negativo, mentre se la prima stringa è lessicograficamente uguale alla seconda stringa, restituisce 0.
if s1 > s2, it returns positive number if s1 <s2, 0 it returns negative number if s1="=" s2, < pre> <h3>Syntax</h3> <pre> public int compareTo(String anotherString) </pre> <p>The method accepts a parameter of type String that is to be compared with the current string.</p> <p>It returns an integer value. It throws the following two exceptions:</p> <p> <strong>ClassCastException:</strong> If this object cannot get compared with the specified object.</p> <p> <strong>NullPointerException:</strong> If the specified object is null.</p> <h2>Internal implementation</h2> <pre> int compareTo(String anotherString) { int length1 = value.length; int length2 = anotherString.value.length; int limit = Math.min(length1, length2); char v1[] = value; char v2[] = anotherString.value; int i = 0; while (i <limit) { char ch1="v1[i];" ch2="v2[i];" if (ch1 !="ch2)" return - ch2; } i++; length1 length2; < pre> <h2>Java String compareTo() Method Example</h2> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ String s1='hello'; String s2='hello'; String s3='meklo'; String s4='hemlo'; String s5='flag'; System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s2));//0 because both are equal System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s3));//-5 because 'h' is 5 times lower than 'm' System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s4));//-1 because 'l' is 1 times lower than 'm' System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s5));//2 because 'h' is 2 times greater than 'f' }} </pre> <span> Test it Now </span> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> 0 -5 -1 2 </pre> <h2>Java String compareTo(): empty string</h2> <p>When we compare two strings in which either first or second string is empty, the method returns the length of the string. So, there may be two scenarios:</p> <ul> <li>If <strong>first</strong> string is an empty string, the method returns a <strong>negative</strong> </li> <li>If <strong>second</strong> string is an empty string, the method returns a <strong>positive</strong> number that is the length of the first string.</li> </ul> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample2.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample2{ public static void main(String args[]){ String s1='hello'; String s2=''; String s3='me'; System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s2)); System.out.println(s2.compareTo(s3)); }} </pre> <span> Test it Now </span> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> 5 -2 </pre> <h3>Java String compareTo(): case sensitive</h3> <p>To check whether the compareTo() method considers the case sensitiveness of characters or not, we will make the comparison between two strings that contain the same letters in the same sequence.</p> <p>Suppose, a string having letters in uppercase, and the second string having the letters in lowercase. On comparing these two string, if the outcome is 0, then the compareTo() method does not consider the case sensitiveness of characters; otherwise, the method considers the case sensitiveness of characters.</p> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample3.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample3 { // main method public static void main(String argvs[]) { // input string in uppercase String st1 = new String('INDIA IS MY COUNTRY'); // input string in lowercase String st2 = new String('india is my country'); System.out.println(st1.compareTo(st2)); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> -32 </pre> <p> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> It is obvious by looking at the output that the outcome is not equal to zero. Hence, the compareTo() method takes care of the case sensitiveness of characters.</p> <h3>Java String compareTo(): ClassCastException</h3> <p>The <strong>ClassCastException</strong> is thrown when objects of incompatible types get compared. In the following example, we are comparing an object of the ArrayList (al) with a string literal ('Sehwag').</p> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample4.java</p> <pre> // import statement import java.util.*; class Players { private String name; // constructor of the class public Players(String str) { name = str; } } public class CompareToExample4 { // main method public static void main(String[] args) { Players ronaldo = new Players('Ronaldo'); Players sachin = new Players('Sachin'); Players messi = new Players('Messi'); ArrayList al = new ArrayList(); al.add(ronaldo); al.add(sachin); al.add(messi); // performing binary search on the list al Collections.binarySearch(al, 'Sehwag', null); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Exception in thread 'main' java.lang.ClassCastException: class Players cannot be cast to class java.lang.Comparable </pre> <h3>Java String compareTo(): NullPointerException</h3> <p>The NullPointerException is thrown when a null object invokes the compareTo() method. Observe the following example.</p> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample5.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample5 { // main method public static void main(String[] args) { String str = null; // null is invoking the compareTo method. Hence, the NullPointerException // will be raised int no = str.compareTo('India is my country.'); System.out.println(no); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Exception in thread 'main' java.lang.NullPointerException at CompareToExample5.main(CompareToExample5.java:9) </pre> <hr></limit)></pre></s2,> Il metodo accetta un parametro di tipo String che deve essere confrontato con la stringa corrente.
Restituisce un valore intero. Genera le seguenti due eccezioni:
ClassCastException: Se questo oggetto non può essere confrontato con l'oggetto specificato.
NullPointerException: Se l'oggetto specificato è null.
disabilita la modalità sviluppatore
Implementazione interna
int compareTo(String anotherString) { int length1 = value.length; int length2 = anotherString.value.length; int limit = Math.min(length1, length2); char v1[] = value; char v2[] = anotherString.value; int i = 0; while (i <limit) { char ch1="v1[i];" ch2="v2[i];" if (ch1 !="ch2)" return - ch2; } i++; length1 length2; < pre> <h2>Java String compareTo() Method Example</h2> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample{ public static void main(String args[]){ String s1='hello'; String s2='hello'; String s3='meklo'; String s4='hemlo'; String s5='flag'; System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s2));//0 because both are equal System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s3));//-5 because 'h' is 5 times lower than 'm' System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s4));//-1 because 'l' is 1 times lower than 'm' System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s5));//2 because 'h' is 2 times greater than 'f' }} </pre> <span> Test it Now </span> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> 0 -5 -1 2 </pre> <h2>Java String compareTo(): empty string</h2> <p>When we compare two strings in which either first or second string is empty, the method returns the length of the string. So, there may be two scenarios:</p> <ul> <li>If <strong>first</strong> string is an empty string, the method returns a <strong>negative</strong> </li> <li>If <strong>second</strong> string is an empty string, the method returns a <strong>positive</strong> number that is the length of the first string.</li> </ul> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample2.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample2{ public static void main(String args[]){ String s1='hello'; String s2=''; String s3='me'; System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s2)); System.out.println(s2.compareTo(s3)); }} </pre> <span> Test it Now </span> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> 5 -2 </pre> <h3>Java String compareTo(): case sensitive</h3> <p>To check whether the compareTo() method considers the case sensitiveness of characters or not, we will make the comparison between two strings that contain the same letters in the same sequence.</p> <p>Suppose, a string having letters in uppercase, and the second string having the letters in lowercase. On comparing these two string, if the outcome is 0, then the compareTo() method does not consider the case sensitiveness of characters; otherwise, the method considers the case sensitiveness of characters.</p> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample3.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample3 { // main method public static void main(String argvs[]) { // input string in uppercase String st1 = new String('INDIA IS MY COUNTRY'); // input string in lowercase String st2 = new String('india is my country'); System.out.println(st1.compareTo(st2)); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> -32 </pre> <p> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> It is obvious by looking at the output that the outcome is not equal to zero. Hence, the compareTo() method takes care of the case sensitiveness of characters.</p> <h3>Java String compareTo(): ClassCastException</h3> <p>The <strong>ClassCastException</strong> is thrown when objects of incompatible types get compared. In the following example, we are comparing an object of the ArrayList (al) with a string literal ('Sehwag').</p> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample4.java</p> <pre> // import statement import java.util.*; class Players { private String name; // constructor of the class public Players(String str) { name = str; } } public class CompareToExample4 { // main method public static void main(String[] args) { Players ronaldo = new Players('Ronaldo'); Players sachin = new Players('Sachin'); Players messi = new Players('Messi'); ArrayList al = new ArrayList(); al.add(ronaldo); al.add(sachin); al.add(messi); // performing binary search on the list al Collections.binarySearch(al, 'Sehwag', null); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Exception in thread 'main' java.lang.ClassCastException: class Players cannot be cast to class java.lang.Comparable </pre> <h3>Java String compareTo(): NullPointerException</h3> <p>The NullPointerException is thrown when a null object invokes the compareTo() method. Observe the following example.</p> <p> <strong>FileName:</strong> CompareToExample5.java</p> <pre> public class CompareToExample5 { // main method public static void main(String[] args) { String str = null; // null is invoking the compareTo method. Hence, the NullPointerException // will be raised int no = str.compareTo('India is my country.'); System.out.println(no); } } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Exception in thread 'main' java.lang.NullPointerException at CompareToExample5.main(CompareToExample5.java:9) </pre> <hr></limit)> Provalo adesso Produzione:
0 -5 -1 2
Stringa Java compareTo(): stringa vuota
Quando confrontiamo due stringhe in cui la prima o la seconda stringa sono vuote, il metodo restituisce la lunghezza della stringa. Quindi gli scenari potrebbero essere due:
- Se Primo string è una stringa vuota, il metodo restituisce a negativo
- Se secondo string è una stringa vuota, il metodo restituisce a positivo numero che rappresenta la lunghezza della prima stringa.
Nome del file: ConfrontaToExample2.java
public class CompareToExample2{ public static void main(String args[]){ String s1='hello'; String s2=''; String s3='me'; System.out.println(s1.compareTo(s2)); System.out.println(s2.compareTo(s3)); }} Provalo adesso Produzione:
5 -2
Stringa Java compareTo(): con distinzione tra maiuscole e minuscole
Per verificare se il metodo compareTo() considera o meno la distinzione tra maiuscole e minuscole dei caratteri, faremo il confronto tra due stringhe che contengono le stesse lettere nella stessa sequenza.
Supponiamo che una stringa abbia le lettere maiuscole e la seconda stringa abbia le lettere minuscole. Confrontando queste due stringhe, se il risultato è 0, il metodo compareTo() non considera la distinzione tra maiuscole e minuscole dei caratteri; in caso contrario, il metodo considera la distinzione tra maiuscole e minuscole dei caratteri.
Nome del file: ConfrontaToExample3.java
public class CompareToExample3 { // main method public static void main(String argvs[]) { // input string in uppercase String st1 = new String('INDIA IS MY COUNTRY'); // input string in lowercase String st2 = new String('india is my country'); System.out.println(st1.compareTo(st2)); } } Produzione:
-32
Conclusione: Osservando l’output è ovvio che il risultato non è uguale a zero. Pertanto, il metodo compareTo() si occupa della distinzione tra maiuscole e minuscole dei caratteri.
Stringa Java compareTo(): ClassCastException
IL ClassCastException viene generato quando vengono confrontati oggetti di tipi incompatibili. Nell'esempio seguente, confrontiamo un oggetto dell'ArrayList (al) con una stringa letterale ('Sehwag').
Nome del file: ConfrontaToExample4.java
// import statement import java.util.*; class Players { private String name; // constructor of the class public Players(String str) { name = str; } } public class CompareToExample4 { // main method public static void main(String[] args) { Players ronaldo = new Players('Ronaldo'); Players sachin = new Players('Sachin'); Players messi = new Players('Messi'); ArrayList al = new ArrayList(); al.add(ronaldo); al.add(sachin); al.add(messi); // performing binary search on the list al Collections.binarySearch(al, 'Sehwag', null); } } Produzione:
Exception in thread 'main' java.lang.ClassCastException: class Players cannot be cast to class java.lang.Comparable
Stringa Java compareTo(): NullPointerException
La NullPointerException viene generata quando un oggetto null richiama il metodo compareTo(). Osservare il seguente esempio.
Nome del file: ConfrontaToExample5.java
è un personaggio speciale
public class CompareToExample5 { // main method public static void main(String[] args) { String str = null; // null is invoking the compareTo method. Hence, the NullPointerException // will be raised int no = str.compareTo('India is my country.'); System.out.println(no); } } Produzione:
Exception in thread 'main' java.lang.NullPointerException at CompareToExample5.main(CompareToExample5.java:9)